Omran Ahmadi, Seyed Ehsan Samaei, Maryam Farokhzad, Yahya Rasoulzadeh,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (1-2019)
Abstract
Background: In recent years, the foundry industry has had a significant impact on Iran's economy. However, the health and safety conditions of this industry are in an unfavorable status, and these conditions have caused a lot of accidents. In this regards, one of the most important ways to prevent accidents in this industry can be identifying hazardous points and adopting appropriate control measures. The aim of the study was to identify hazardous points in foundry industry using a hybrid safety approach. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted in the foundry industry of Iran, in 2016. The study method consisted of two parts. First, the accidents of foundry were analyzed. Second, the Energy Trace and Barrier Analysis (ETBA) technique was used to identify hazards and assess the risks. The collected and obtained data of accidents and risk assessment were entered into the statistical SPSS software, version 22, and descriptive statistics (mean, percent) were used for analyzing. Also, Microsoft Excel was used to plot the graphs. Results: A total of 128 risks is identified, including 17 unacceptable risks, 93 undesirable risks, 13 acceptable risks with revision and five acceptable risks without revision. The mechanical and physical energies had the highest percentage of hazards. The results of accidents analysis showed that the cause of most accidents (40%) was mechanical, while 23% of them was the potential type. The study results indicated that accidents analysis along with risks identification can be useful in identifying all the dangerous locations (points). Conclusion: In addition to validating the results of risk assessment through the analysis of accidents, other causes affecting the occurrence of accidents can also be covered by accident analysis, including unsafe behaviors and organizational causes that are not seen in the risk assessment.
Rajabali Hokmabadi, Ali Karimi,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (7-2022)
Abstract
Background: The hazard and operability study (HAZOP) method is a risk assessment method based on engineering systems used for qualitative analysis or quantitative evaluation. It is mainly used to discover potential hazards and operational difficulties in the design and qualitative stages of chemical systems. The study aims to apply the HAZOP method in process and safety operations at gas depressurization station. Methods: This descriptive study was performed at CGS station. The station was divided into four principal nodes including: filter, heater, regulator, and odorize part. Required information for HAZOP worksheets were gathered by operational procedures, daily reports and interviews with engineers and operators working at the station. To determine the severity of consequences and probability of occurrence of scenarios that were predicted based on the risk matrix, the amount of risk was specified and the necessary suggestions were made in this regard. Results: According to this study, the operational indicators in the pressure reducing station process included pressure, flow, level and temperature. 22 main deviations and 50 causes of failures were identified. 5 deviations (23%) were in the low risk range (green area) and 17 (77%) were in the medium risk range (yellow area). Conclusions: Causes and effects of deviations in operational parameters at four nodes in gas depressurization station were identified by HAZOP. Preventive actions were emphasized, such as consistent inspection of pipelines, preventive and timely maintenance and preparing a well-scheduled plan for inspecting the equipment in terms of corrosion, inspection, and design revision.
