@article{ 
author = {Rasheed, Tajudee},  
title = {Knowledge and Practice of Battery Technicians about Lead Poisoning in the Workplace}, 
abstract ={Background: Utilization of self-protective equipment at the workplace of battery technicians could consequently protect the health of the artisans ‘and prevent lead-related occupational hazards. This study assessed the knowledge of lead poisoning hazards and the rate of utilization of personal protective equipment (PPE) among battery technicians in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This study was a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design. Multistage and systematic sampling technique was used to select N=384 adult battery technicians aged 18 years old and higher. The questionnaire was validated and the reliability established through pilot study. Data were collected and analyzed with chi-square and multiple logistic regressions statistical model using SPSS version 24.No missing N value and hypotheses were tested at p < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval. Results: Few participants, 9.9% had good knowledge of lead poisoning hazards, and it indicates a poor level. The rate of utilization of PPE at the workplaces was 18 % which is low. Chi-square analysis of the knowledge of lead poisoning hazard and PPE utilization for battery technicians in the organized and roadside settings were X2=0.1481, p=0.7003, and X²=3.2607, p=0.0709, respectively which isnot statistically significant. Conclusion: Knowledge of lead poisoning hazard influenced the rate of utilization of PPE at the workplace of battery technicians. So, an effort to improve the use of PPE could be done through implementation of occupational safety policy, training and dissemination of information on the threat of lead poisoning for battery technicians to achieve positive behavioral change.},  
Keywords = {Knowledge, Lead poisoning hazard, Battery technicians, PPE utilization, Nigeria},
volume = {3},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {416-421}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science},
title_fa = {Knowledge and Practice of Battery Technicians about Lead Poisoning in the Workplace},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/aoh.v3i4.1550},
url = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-200-en.html},  
eprint = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-200-en.pdf},  
journal = {Archives of Occupational Health},  
issn = {2588-3070}, 
eissn = {2588-3690}, 
year = {2019}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Zamani-Badi, Hakime and Sarsangi, Vali and Hannani, Mitra and Akbari, Hossein and MazaheriTehrani, Ashraf},  
title = {Prevalence of Sick Building Syndrome among Employees of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan}, 
abstract ={Background: The sick building syndrome (SBS) is known as an unhealthy condition of occupants of a building, caused by environmental factors such as small space, poor ventilation, and different pollutants in the building. Symptoms of SBS include anxiety, respiratory, dermal, and sensory problems which start by entering a building or slightly after that, and disappear after leaving the building. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of SBS in the employees of Shahid Beheshti hospital of Kashan. Methods: In a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted, a sample of 279 randomly-selected employees of Shahid Beheshti hospital in Kashan working during 2016-2017, were involved. The study was performed on four groups of doctors, nurses, servants and employees. To collect the data; a questionnaire was used. It consisted of two parts: demographic data and questions of SBS questionnaire of World Health Organization. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS; and statistical tests such as Chi square and Fisher's exact test were performed and logistic regression were used for multivariate analysis. Results: The prevalence rate of SBS in general, in women and in men was estimated 50.81%, 55.3% and 44.7%, respectively. Symptoms of indisposition (47.3%), skin dryness (41.5%) and headaches (38.9%) had the highest frequency. Studying SBS symptoms in different job groups showed that skin dryness and dry and sore throat in physicians were significantly less than those in the other groups (p<0.05). In logistic regression analysis, the only factor influencing SBS was the staff height (p=0.02). Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of the symptoms of building syndrome in all of the four groups, paying more attention to improving the working environment, such as the efficiency of the air conditioner system and increasing the entry of fresh air into the departments, increasing the quality of work life would be of utmost importance which would result in motivating and increasing the productivity in the work environment.},  
Keywords = {Sick Building Syndrome, Hospital, Employees},
volume = {3},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {422-429}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science},
title_fa = {Prevalence of Sick Building Syndrome among Employees of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan},
abstract_fa ={Background: The sick-building syndrome (SBS) is an unhealthy condition of occupants of a building, caused by environmental factors such as small space, poor ventilation, and different pollutants in the building. Symptoms of SBS, including nervous, respiratory, dermal, and sensory problems, start by entering a building or slightly after that, and disappear with leaving the building. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of SBS in the employees of Shahid Beheshti hospital of Kashan. Methods: In a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted, a sample of 279 randomly - selected employees of Kashan’s Shahid Beheshti hospital, were involved. The study was performed on four groups of doctor, nurse, servant and employee. To collect the data, a questionnaire was used. It consisted two parts: demographic data and questions of SBS questionnaire of World Health Organization. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS; and statistical tests such as t-test and Chi-square were performed. Results: The prevalence rate of SBS in general, women and men was estimated 50.81%, 55.3% and 44.7%, respectively. Symptoms of indisposition (47.32%), skin dryness (41.56%) and headaches (38.92%) had the highest frequency. In all job groups, headache and illness had the highest frequency. Studying SBS symptoms in different job groups showed that skin dryness and dry and sore throat in physicians were significantly less than those in the other groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of SBS symptoms is relatively high in the studied population. Considering the significant relation between the environmental factors and the prevalence of SBS, improving the workplace conditions is recommended.  },
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/aoh.v3i4.1551},
url = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-184-en.html},  
eprint = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-184-en.pdf},  
journal = {Archives of Occupational Health},  
issn = {2588-3070}, 
eissn = {2588-3690}, 
year = {2019}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Heidari, Hamidreza and Arsang, Shahram and Mahmoodi, Maryam and Ramezani, Fatemeh},  
title = {Ergonomic Analysis of the Neck Posture in Computer Users and Identifying the Related Risk Factors}, 
abstract ={Background:Neck disorder is a common complaint in computer users which affects the task performance and fatigue. Several studies confirmed the relation between neck discomfort and working with a computer. But focusing on the root risk factors inducing neck discomfort can be applied for taking preventive measures and improving workstation design. So, the main purpose of this study was the neck posture analysis in computer users and identifying the related risk factors. Methods:This descriptive-analytical study was performed in 2018 on 169 administrative staff in one of the governmental hospitals in Qom. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to investigate neck discomfort and related risk factors. To determine the angle of the neck, photographic analysis method was used. Finally, SPSS software version 22 and appropriate statistical tests including the logistic regression model, two independent t-test, and chi-square test in contingency tables were used to determine the relationship between individual parameters and workstation with neck angles and neck pain. Results:The results showed that two factors of the height (p= 0.023) and the gender (p= 0.012) had a direct statistically significant association with neck disorder statistically. In addition, the anthropometric dimensions, monitor height from desk level was positively correlated with neck discomfort but sitting elbow to eye height was negatively correlated with neck discomfort (p<0.05). Odds Ratio analysis showed that moderate and severe monitor angle compared to neutral posture (monitor angle less than 10 °) can increase neck discomfort as 1.925 and 3.137, respectively. Conclusion: Generally, it can be concluded that workstation design can affect taking a posture in computer users. So, establishing correct workstation criteria such as eye height, monitor height from desk level and sitting elbow to eye height dimensions are very important. However, determination of the proportion of each parameter effect is strongly recommended for other investigations. This can develop preventive measures for reducing neck awkward postures.},  
Keywords = {Neck, Posture, Disorder, Workstation, Design},
volume = {3},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {430-437}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science},
title_fa = {آنالیز ارگونومیک وضعیت گردن در کاربران کامپیوتر به منظور شناسایی ریسک فاکتور های ایجاد کننده اختلالات اسکلتی عضلانی},
abstract_fa ={زمینه و هدف اختلال گردن یک شکایت رایج در کاربران کامپیوتر است که بر عملکرد و خستگی افراد تاثیر می گذارد. مطالعات متعددی رابطه بین ناراحتی گردن و کار با کامپیوتر را تایید کرده است. اما تمرکز بر ریشه های این اختلالات می تواند برای اقدامات پیشگیرانه و بهبود طراحی ایستگاه های کاری استفاده شود. بنابراین هدف اصلی این مطالعه، تحلیل وضعیت گردن در کاربران کامپیوتر و شناسایی عوامل مرتبط با آن است که باعث اختلالات اسکلتی عضلانی می شوند. روش کار این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی بر روی 169 نفر از کارمندان اداری یکی از بیمارستانهای دولتی شهرستان قم انجام شد. یک پرسشنامه محقق ساخته برای جمع آوری اطلاعات جمعیتی و اطلاعاتی در مورد ناراحتی های ناحیه گردن استفاده شد. بخشی از پرسشنامه مربوط به طراحی ایستگاه کار و بخش دیگر، نمره درد در ناحیه گردن برای تعیین شدت درد و زمان است که برای این منظور از مقیاس پنجگانه لیکرت استفاده گردید. برای تعیین زاویه گردن، از روش عکاسی استفاده شد. در نهایت، از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 22 برای تعیین ارتباط بین پارامترهای اندازه گیری شده فردی و محل کار با  اختلالات اسکلتی عضلانی در ناحیه گردن استفاده شد و از آزمون های آماری مناسب برای مقایسه میانگین و اطلاعات همبستگی استفاده شد. نتایج رابطه بین متغیرهای جمعیت شناختی و شیوع اختلالات گردن در میان کاربران کامپیوتر نشان داد که دو عامل ارتفاع (023/0 P=) و جنسیت (012/0 = P) ارتباط معنی داری با اختلال گردن داشتند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که در میان ابعاد آنتروپومتری مورد بررسی، ارتفاع، ارتفاع مانیتور از سطح میز و ارتفاع آرنج در حالت نشسته تا ارتفاع چشم ارتباط معنی داری با ناراحتی گردن داشت (05/0 P<). تجزیه و تحلیل نسبت شانس نشان داد که زاویه های متوسط ​​و شدید مانیتور نسبت به موقعیت خنثی (زاویه مانیتور کمتر از 10 درجه) می تواند ناراحتی گردن را به ترتیب925/1 و 137/3  افزایش دهد. اگر چه تنها زاویه ی مانیتور شدید (بیش از 20 درجه زاویه ی پیش یا عقب) ارتباط معنی داری با زاویه ی خنثی دارد (022/0 P=). نتیجه گیری بطور کلی می توان نتیجه گرفت که طراحی ایستگاه کار و آموزش مرتبط با ارگونومیک برای کاربران رایانه، معیارهای ایستگاه کاری مانند ابعاد ارتفاع چشم، ارتفاع مانیتور از سطح میز و ارتفاع آرنج در حالت نشسته به ارتفاع صحیح را اصلاح می کند. با این حال، تعیین سهم هر مولفه به شدت برای تحقیقات بعدی توصیه می شود. این امر می تواند اقدامات پیشگیرانه ای را برای کاهش وضعیت نامطلوب گردن ایجاد کند.  },
keywords_fa = {گردن, پوسچر, اختلال, ایستگاه کار, طراحی},

doi = {10.18502/aoh.v3i4.1552},
url = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.html},  
eprint = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.pdf},  
journal = {Archives of Occupational Health},  
issn = {2588-3070}, 
eissn = {2588-3690}, 
year = {2019}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Janizadeh, Razieh and Kakaei, Parviz and Nickdel, Tayebe and KhalilTahmasbi, Mahin and Tamoradi, Norooz and MohamadiNezhad, Atefeh},  
title = {Textile Industry Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment by Using HAZAN Method}, 
abstract ={Background: Today with industry growth, hazards are increasing. The most important parts of these industries are human resources and employees, that face with many various hazards. Therefore, in order to protect and increase the productivity these hazards must be identified and analyzed to be controlled. Methods: The present study focused on hazard identification and risk assessment in spinning sector of a textile industry as one of the important and strategic industries by using HAZAN method.  For data gathering, different methods including HAZAN worksheet, risk detecting checklist, walking, talking, process plots and documents were used, and then risk assessment was carried out. Results: The finding represented 102 risks in the production line. Most of the risks were found in ring section (n=33), Flyer (n=26), Autoconer (n=18), Tightening (n=15) and Packing (n=10) respectively. 20.59% of these risks were 2nd rank (undesirable), 16.67% were 3rd rank (acceptable if controlled) and 62.74% were 4th rank (acceptable). In addition, high-risk jobs were feeding the empty bobbin during the shift and bobbin handling from the Autoconer unit. Also, analyses were performed based on the risk assessment method and statistical tests were not required. Conclusion: The 4th rank risk was the largest group that’s acceptable. It is notable that 2nd risk rank should be turned into 3rd risk rank in reliable time. For 3rd risk rank making sure that existing control is in place is sufficient. For making a safe work environment and increasing productivity, minimizing risk by safety training and other measures are useful.  },  
Keywords = {Textile industry, HAZAN method, Risk assessment},
volume = {3},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {438-442}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science},
title_fa = {شناسایی و ارزیابی ریسک در صنعت نساجی به روش HAZAN},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/aoh.v3i4.1554},
url = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-123-en.html},  
eprint = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-123-en.pdf},  
journal = {Archives of Occupational Health},  
issn = {2588-3070}, 
eissn = {2588-3690}, 
year = {2019}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Jadidi, Elmira and Borgheipour, Hasti and Mohammadfam, Iraj},  
title = {The Effect of Behavior–based Safety Interventions on the Reduction of Unsafe Behavior}, 
abstract ={Background: Behavioral-based safety interventions such as the safety training system and reward and punishment procedures were used in most industries in order to reduce unsafe behaviors. Methods: In this applied study, unsafe behavior was evaluated by collecting data through observation, interviews, checklists and the Safety Behavior Sampling technique. After conducting safety training, as well as reward and punishment procedures for two consecutive months, unsafe behaviors were evaluated again. To determine the rate and diversity of the behaviors through a pilot study, a sample size of 1162 was determined to be observed. Moreover, to analyze the data and to specify the relationship between the variables, the ratio test, contingency tables, chi-square test and SPSS 22 statistical software package were used. Results: The results of the study showed that 22.8% of employees’ behaviors were unsafe before applying interventions, which got decreased to 17% after the intervention. There was also a significant relationship between the unsafe behaviors of the employees and their work experience (P-value was 0. 004), age (P-value was 0.023), work shift (P-value was 0.027), day of the week (P-value was 0. 007) and month of year (P-value was 0. 043). Conclusions: The paper indicated that continuous implementation of safety training courses and continuous implementation of the reward and punishment system are necessary in order to reduce unsafe behaviors.},  
Keywords = {Safety, Unsafe behavior, Food industry},
volume = {3},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {443-451}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science},
title_fa = {تاثیر مداخلات ایمنی مبتنی بر رفتار بر کاهش رفتارهای ناایمن},
abstract_fa ={زمینه: در اغلب صنایع به منظور کاهش رفتارهای ناایمن، مداخلات ایمنی مبتنی بر رفتار نظیر سیستم آموزش ایمنی و رویه تشویق و تنبیه بکارگرفته شده اند.  روش بررسی: در ایﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ بهره‌گیری از روش‌های ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه و ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭼﮏﻟﯿﺴﺖ ﺟﻬﺖ جمع‌آوری داده‌ها و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ نمونه‌برداری از رﻓﺘﺎر ایﻤﻦ، اﻋﻤﺎل ﻧﺎایﻤﻦ ﻣﻮرد ارزیﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. پس از اجرای مداخلات آموزشی و تشویق و تنبیه طی دو ماه متوالی، مجدداً رفتارهای ناایمن ارزیابی شد. ﺑﺮای ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان و اﻧﻮاع رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی یادشده ﺑﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﭘﺎیﻠﻮت ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ موردنیاز ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 1162 مشاهده تعیین گردید. همچنین برای آنالیز داده‌ها و تعیین روابط بین متغیرها از تکنیک آزمون نسبت، جداول توافقی و آزمون کای دو و نرم‌افزار آماری22  SPSS استفاده شد. نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که 22.8% رفتارهای کارکنان قبل از اعمال مداخلات ناایمن بوده و پس از اعمال مداخلات این مقدار به 17% کاهش ‌یافته است. همچنین بین اعمال ناایمن کارکنان با سابقه کاری، محل اشتغال، سن، شیفت کاری، روز از هفته، ماه از سال و ساعت رابطه معناداری وجود داشت.  نتیجه گیری: لذا به ‌منظور کاهش رفتاهای ناایمن، اجرای مداوم دوره‌های آموزش ایمنی و پیاده‌سازی مستمر نظام تشویق و تنبیه پیشنهاد می‌گردد.  },
keywords_fa = {واژگان کلیدی: ایمنی, آسیب, رفتار ناایمن, صنایع غذایی},

doi = {10.18502/aoh.v3i4.1555},
url = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-137-en.html},  
eprint = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-137-en.pdf},  
journal = {Archives of Occupational Health},  
issn = {2588-3070}, 
eissn = {2588-3690}, 
year = {2019}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mirzaei, Ramazan and Ansarimoghadam, Alireza and Hamidinejad, Naser and khazaei, Ahmadreza and Gholampoor, Jamshid and Nourmohammadi, Mohamm},  
title = {Determination of Airborne Concentration and Type of Asbestos Fibers in High-Traffic Areas of Zahedan City}, 
abstract ={Background: Asbestos fibers are one of the hazardous air pollutants in high-traffic areas of cities. This study was conducted during summer 2016 with the aim of determining the concentration and type of asbestos fibers in the air of high-traffic areas of Zahedan, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, 4 high-traffic and 2 traffic-free areas of Zahedan were chosen. Ambient air samples were collected according to the NIOSH 7400 method, with a flow rate of 2 l/m and 4 hours per day. The asbestos fiber in the samples were analyzed with the use of Phase-Contrast optical Microscopy (PCM) and Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). Results:The mean and standard deviation of asbestos contamination density in high-traffic areas were 0.0012 (0.0004) f/cc and 0.0012, respectively, which were higher than the threshold limit value (TLV). In traffic-free areas with mean and standard deviation of 0.0003 ± 0.0003 f/cc the asbestos concentration was lower than the allowed limits. To check the normality of data Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used (p< 0.05). The results of Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there is a meaningful difference between the means of the two measured groups (p< 0.001). The types of asbestos fibers based on EDS spectrums and electron microscope images were actinolite, tremolite, and chrysotile. Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that the concentration of asbestos fibers in the sampleswas higher than the WHO standards for ambient air (0.00005 PCM f/ml). The use of asbestos fibers in car brake and clutch, as well as in asbestos cement sheet and insulation in buildings are among the most important sources of air pollution in the city.},  
Keywords = {Airborne asbestos, Zahedan, Air pollution},
volume = {3},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {452-459}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science},
title_fa = {تعیین غلظت و نوع الیاف  آزبست هوابرد  در مناطق پر ترافیک شهر زاهدان},
abstract_fa ={آلودگی به الیاف آزبست یکی از آلاینده های مضر هوای شهر های با ترافیک بالا می باشد.  این مطالعه با هدف تعیین نوع و غلظت الیاف ازبست در هوای مناطق پر ترافیک شهر زاهدان(ایران) در فصل  تابستان 2016 انجام شد. در این مطالعه توصیفی مقطعی، چهار نقطه از مناطق پر ترافیک شهرزاهدان و 2 نقطه بدون ترافیک انتخاب شد. نمونه ها با استفاده از روش توصیه شده NIOSH 7400  در چهار روز متوالی، با دبی 2 لیتر در دقیقه و 4 ساعت در هر روز(در زمان با ترافیک بالای شهری) جمع آوری شد. تراکم آلودگی با استفاده از میکروسکوپ فاز کنتراست phase contract microscopy (PCM) و گراتیکول والتون – بکت، محاسبه شد و با استفاده از طیف های EDS  وتصاویر میکروسکوپی الکترونیکی روبشی(SEM) نوع الیاف تعیین شد. میانگین تراکم آلودگی به الیاف آزبست در مناطق با ترافیک زیاد،f/cc   0.0012±0.0004f/cc و با میانه 0.0012بالا تر از حدود مجاز و در مناطق بدون ترافیک با میانگین وانحراف معیار f/cc 0.0003±0.0003 کمتر از حدود مجاز بود. آزمون کروسکال والیس اختلاف بین میانگین های دوگروه اندازه گیری را با p<0.001 معنی دار نشان داد. نوع الیاف آزبست با توجه به طیف های EDS  وتصاویر میکروسکوپی الکترونیکی از نوع اکتینولیت، ترمولیت و کریزوتایل می باشد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که الیاف آزبست در هوای مناطق با ترافیک بالا بیش از حدود مجاز ودر مناطق بدون ترافیک کمتر از حدود مجاز می باشد لذا کنترل ترافیک می تواند در کاهش آلودگی موثر باشد.  },
keywords_fa = {آزبست هوابرد, آلودگی هوا, شهر زاهدان},

doi = {10.18502/aoh.v3i4.1556},
url = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-174-en.html},  
eprint = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-174-en.pdf},  
journal = {Archives of Occupational Health},  
issn = {2588-3070}, 
eissn = {2588-3690}, 
year = {2019}  
}

@article{ 
author = {TaheriFard, Alireza and Kafi, Mehdi and Ahmadinia, Hassan and Rahmanian, Karamat and Rezaeian, Mohse},  
title = {The Study of the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome and its Indices in Welders in Rafsanjan in 2018 (A Descriptive Study)}, 
abstract ={Background: Welders are exposed to different chemical damaging factors such as fumes, gases and dusts caused by welding. Some studies have referred to a possible association between occupational exposure and engaging with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a set of factors such as abdominal obesity, high blood pressure (hypertension), high blood sugar, high triglycerides and High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels that are a fundamental risk factor for diabetes, cardiac disease and stroke. Hence, we accordingly decided to investigate the incidence of metabolic syndrome among welders in Rafsanjan. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study performed on 78 door and window welders in Rafsanjan in 2018. Data collection was carried out at two stages, first stage was based on a checklist containing demographic information and the second one included laboratory tests, and finally by recording data in SPSS software, quantitative data was reported as “mean ± standard deviation” and qualitative data was reported as “number (percent)”. Results: 43 out of 78 welders were tested by anthropometric and blood tests, 29 (67.4%) had central obesity. Of these 29, 15 (51.7%) had at least two of four conditions, indicating their metabolic syndrome. After central obesity, the most common factors among these 43 patients respectively were hypertension (55.8%), high triglyceride (37.2%), and high fasting blood sugar (20.9%). Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed that about half of the studied welders had at least two metabolic syndrome indices. In future studies, implementation of partnership building strategies and increased collaboration incentives to achieve a larger sample size are recommended.},  
Keywords = {Metabolic Syndrome, Central Obesity, Welders, Rafsanjan},
volume = {3},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {460-467}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science},
title_fa = {بررسی فراوانی سندرم متابولیک و شاخص‌های آن در کارگران جوشکار درب و پنجره ساز شهر رفسنجان در سال 1397},
abstract_fa ={زمینه و هدف: سندرم متابولیک یکی از فاکتورهای خطر بیماری های مزمن از جمله بیماری قلبی عروقی می باشد. که با شاخص های مختلف به خصوص چاقی مرکزی سنجیده می شود. یکی از مهمترین صنایع، صنعت جوشکاری است، که آسیب ناشی از آن می تواند مشکلات بسیاری از جمله هزینه های درمان و مراقبت های بهداشتی را به فرد و جامعه تحمیل کند. بنابراین، باتوجه به شیوع بالای سندرم متابولیک که شاخصی برای بیماری های مزمن ازجمله قلبی عروقی می باشد و از طرف دیگر شیوع بالای عوامل خطر بیماری های قلبی عروقی میان جوشکاران، برآن شدیم تا شیوع سندرم متابولیک را در میان جوشکاران شهرستان رفسنجان مورد بررسی قرار دهیم. مواد و روش ها: مطالعه ی حاضر از نوع توصیفی است که در سال 1397  بر روی 78 جوشکار درب و پنجره ساز شهرستان رفسنجان انجام گرفت. جمع آوری داده ها در دو مرحله صورت گرفت، در مرحله اول بر اساس چک لیستی که شامل اطلاعات دموگرافیک و مرحله دوم انجام تست های آزمایشگاهی و در نهایت با ثبت داده ها در نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 21، اطلاعات کمی به صورت "انحراف معیار±میانگین" و اطلاعات کیفی به صورت "تعداد(درصد)" گزارش گردید. یافته ها: میزان فراوانی سندرم متابولیک و شاخص­های آن در 78 نفر از کارگران جوشکار درب و پنجره­ساز شهر رفسنجان نشان می دهد دورکمر 54 (69.2%) نفر از این افراد بیشتر از 90 سانتی­متر بود که به عنوان افراد دارای چاقی مرکزی محسوب می شوند. از میان 43 نفر جوشکاری که وارد فاز دوم مطالعه شده بودند. 29 (67.4% ) نفر مبتلا به چاقی مرکزی بودند. شایع ترین فاکتورها پس از چاقی مرکزی میان این 43 نفر به ترتیب مربوط به فشارخون بالا (55.8% )، تری­گلیسیرید بالا (37.2% )، افزایش قندخون ناشتا (20.9%) می باشد. نتیجه گیری: یافته ­های این مطالعه نشان داد که حدود نیمی از جوشکاران تحت بررسی که انجام تست های آزمایشگاهی نیز همکاری نمودند، حداقل دارای دو شاخص سندرم متابولیک بودند.},
keywords_fa = {سندرم متابولیک,چاقی مرکزی,جوشکاران,رفسنجان},

doi = {10.18502/aoh.v3i4.1557},
url = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-198-en.html},  
eprint = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-198-en.pdf},  
journal = {Archives of Occupational Health},  
issn = {2588-3070}, 
eissn = {2588-3690}, 
year = {2019}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Kharghanimoghaddam, Seyedeh Melika and Alimohammadi, Iraj and Vosughi, Shahram and Tabatabaei, Seyed hossein and ghasemi, Rana and Ahmadian, Mahdi and Ebrahimi, Hossei},  
title = {Study of Sleep Quality and its Relation with Educational Status of Iran University of Medical Sciences Students}, 
abstract ={Background: Undoubtedly, lack of good quality sleep is a major problem for students, affecting their educational success causing them academic failure. Therefore, this study is carried out aiming to determine sleep quality and its relation with educational status of Iran University of Medical Sciences students. Methods: This study is a sectional-analytic one performed on dormitory and non-dormitory students of Iran University of Medical Sciences. The criteria of entering the study include being student for at least one yea­r, non-affliction to special diseases and not using drugs and tobacco. People were selected in proportional stratified sampling method after determining the sample volume (400), and Petersburg sleep quality questionnaires were distributed among them. After completion of the questionnaires, their data were extracted and introduced into SPSS version 21. The data obtained via T statistical tests for which Pearson correlation was analyzed were independent. Results: The sleep quality mark was higher than 5 for majority of the students including the dormitory and non-dormitory ones; expressing weak sleep quality. Sleep quality was 7.36 for dormitory students and 7.97 for non-dormitory ones; expressing significant statistical difference (p=0.018). The results suggest that educational status of non-dormitory students (0.22) is better than the dormitory ones (-1.23), and the difference is statistically significant (p=0.000). moreover, the results suggest that there is no relation between good sleep quality and educational status of the students (p=0.232). Conclusion: The study results suggest that sleep quality is not related to educational status. Considering that educational status is a complex matter and is affected by multiple factors including: intelligence, motivation and hard work, sleep quality plays less significant role regarding educational status.},  
Keywords = {Educational Status, Sleep Quality, Residence, Dormitory, Non-Dormitory},
volume = {3},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {468-473}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science},
title_fa = {بررسی کیفیت خواب و رابطه آن با وضعیت تحصیلی دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران},
abstract_fa ={مقدمه: بی شک یکی از مشکلات اصلی اکثر دانشجویان که می تواند بر موفقیت تحصیلی آنان اثرگذار بوده و باعث افت تحصیلی دانشجویان بشود عدم کیفیت خواب مطلوب می باشد. لذا این مطالعه با هدف بررسی کیفیت خواب و رابطه آن با وضعیت تحصیلی دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران انجام گردید. روش کار: این یک مطالعه مقطعی بود که در بین دانشجویان خوابگاهی و غیرخوابگاهی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران انجام گردید. بعد از تعیین حجم نمونه (400 نفر)، افراد به صورت تصادفی انتخاب گردیدند و پرسشنامه کیفیت خواب پترزبورگ در بین آنها توزیع گردید. بعد از تکمیل پرسشنامه ها، اطلاعات آن ها استخراج و وارد SPSS گردیده و مورد آنالیز قرار گرفتند. یافته ها: یافته های مطالعه نشان دادند که بین وضعیت سکونت و وضعیت تحصیلی دانشجویان ارتباط معنی دار وجود دارد (001/0P˂) .تاهل و اشتغال ارتباط معنی دار با وضعیت تحصیلی داشته (05/0˂P) و افراد متاهل و شاغل دارای وضعیت تحصیلی بهتری نسبت به دوره دبیرستان بودند. اکثر دانشجویان اعم از خوابگاهی و غیر خوابگاهی دارای کیفیت کلی خواب ضعیف بودند ( 5>). تنها بعد کیفیت ذهنی خواب با وضعیت تحصیلی دانشجویان ارتباط معنادار داشت(028/0). نتیجه گیری: مجموعه ای از عوامل مختلف نظیر انگیزه، هدف، برنامه ریزی، امکانات و تجهیزات، شرایط فردی و خانوادگی ، وضعیت اقتصادی و فرهنگی خانواده و..... بر روی وضعیت تحصیلی تاثیر گذار می باشد. با توجه به اینکه وضعیت تحصیلی مقوله پیچیده ای بوده و تحت تاثیر عوامل مختلف قرار دارد، می توان گفت که کیفیت خواب می تواند تحت تاثیر عوامل دیگر از قبیل هدف، نقش کمتری در وضعیت تحصیلی دانشجویان داشته باشد.},
keywords_fa = {وضعیت تحصیلی, کیفیت خواب, پترزبورگ, خوابگاه, منزل شخصی},

doi = {10.18502/aoh.v3i4.1558},
url = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-194-en.html},  
eprint = {http://aoh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-194-en.pdf},  
journal = {Archives of Occupational Health},  
issn = {2588-3070}, 
eissn = {2588-3690}, 
year = {2019}  
}